Battery Series and Parallel Calculator

Battery Configuration Formulas:

\[ V = n_s \times V_{cell} \] \[ Capacity = n_p \times Capacity_{cell} \]

Cell Voltage (V_cell):

Cell Capacity:

Series Count (n_s):

Parallel Count (n_p):

Total Voltage (V):

Total Capacity (Ah):

Total Energy (Wh):

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1. What is a Battery Series and Parallel Calculator?

Definition: This calculator determines the total voltage, capacity, and energy of battery configurations when cells are connected in series, parallel, or both.

Purpose: It helps engineers, hobbyists, and technicians design battery packs for various applications by calculating the electrical characteristics of different configurations.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses these fundamental formulas:

\[ V = n_s \times V_{cell} \] \[ Capacity = n_p \times Capacity_{cell} \] \[ Energy = V \times Capacity \]

Where:

\( V \) — Total battery voltage (V)
\( V_{cell} \) — Voltage of individual cell (V)
\( n_s \) — Number of cells in series
\( Capacity \) — Total battery capacity (Ah)
\( Capacity_{cell} \) — Capacity of individual cell (Ah)
\( n_p \) — Number of cells in parallel
\( Energy \) — Total energy storage (Wh)

Explanation: Series connections increase voltage while parallel connections increase capacity. Both affect the total energy storage.

3. Importance of Battery Configuration

Details: Proper battery configuration ensures compatibility with devices, optimizes performance, and maintains safe operating conditions.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the cell voltage (typically 3.7V for Li-ion), cell capacity, number of series connections, and number of parallel connections. All values must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What happens when batteries are connected in series?
A: Series connections add voltages while maintaining the same capacity (Ah).

Q2: What happens when batteries are connected in parallel?
A: Parallel connections add capacities (Ah) while maintaining the same voltage.

Q3: What's a typical cell voltage?
A: Common values are 3.7V (Li-ion), 3.2V (LiFePO4), 1.2V (NiMH), or 1.5V (alkaline).

Q4: Can I mix different battery types?
A: No, always use identical cells with same chemistry, voltage, capacity, and age.

Q5: How does configuration affect battery life?
A: Proper configuration ensures balanced charging/discharging, which maximizes battery life.