1. What is Line Loss in a Wire?

Definition: Line loss refers to the power dissipated as heat in an electrical conductor due to its resistance when current flows through it.

Purpose: This calculator helps electrical engineers and technicians estimate power loss in wires to ensure efficient system design.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( \text{Loss} \) — Power loss in watts
• \( I \) — Current in amperes (amps)
• \( R \) — Resistance per meter in ohms (Ω/m)
• \( L \) — Length of wire in meters

Explanation: The power loss increases with the square of current, directly with resistance, and directly with wire length.

3. Importance of Line Loss Calculation

Details: Calculating line loss helps in selecting proper wire gauge, minimizing energy waste, and preventing excessive voltage drop.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the current in amps, wire resistance per meter (default 0.01 Ω/m for typical copper wire), and wire length in meters (default 100m). All values must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Why does current have a squared relationship with power loss?
A: Because power loss is proportional to both current and voltage drop (which is also proportional to current), resulting in I².

Q2: How do I find the resistance per meter for my wire?
A: Check manufacturer specifications or use resistivity tables based on material and wire gauge.

Q3: Does this account for AC effects like skin effect?
A: No, this is the DC calculation. For AC, additional factors like frequency and skin effect must be considered.

Q4: What's a typical acceptable line loss percentage?
A: Generally, less than 2-3% of total power is considered acceptable for most applications.

Q5: How can I reduce line loss?
A: Use thicker wires (lower resistance), shorter runs, higher voltage, or better conductive materials.