1. What is 3-Phase Voltage Drop?

Definition: Voltage drop is the reduction in voltage in an electrical circuit between the source and load due to conductor resistance.

Purpose: This calculator helps electrical engineers and technicians determine voltage drop in three-phase power systems to ensure proper equipment operation.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( VD \) — Voltage drop (volts)
• \( I \) — Current (amperes)
• \( L \) — One-way length of conductor (meters)
• \( R \) — Resistance per unit length of conductor (ohms/meter)

Explanation: The formula accounts for the three-phase system characteristics where voltage drop is √3 times the single-phase calculation.

3. Importance of Voltage Drop Calculation

Details: Proper voltage drop calculation ensures electrical equipment receives sufficient voltage for optimal performance and prevents excessive power loss.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the current in amps, conductor length in meters, and resistance per meter in ohms/m. All values must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's an acceptable voltage drop?
A: Typically 3% for branch circuits and 5% for feeders, but consult local electrical codes.

Q2: How do I find conductor resistance?
A: Check manufacturer specifications or use standard tables for copper/aluminum conductors.

Q3: Does this account for power factor?
A: This is the basic formula. For precise calculations, include power factor and reactance.

Q4: Why √3 in the formula?
A: It accounts for the phase difference in three-phase systems (120° between phases).

Q5: How does temperature affect results?
A: Higher temperatures increase conductor resistance. Use resistance values at operating temperature.