1. What is Total Impedance?

Definition: Total impedance (Z) is the overall opposition to current flow in an AC circuit, combining both resistance (R) and reactance (X).

Purpose: It's crucial for analyzing AC circuits, designing electrical systems, and calculating power consumption.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( Z \) — Total impedance (ohms)
• \( R \) — Resistance (ohms)
• \( X \) — Reactance (ohms), which can be inductive (X_L) or capacitive (X_C)

Explanation: The formula comes from the Pythagorean theorem, representing the vector sum of resistance and reactance in the complex plane.

3. Importance of Impedance Calculation

Details: Proper impedance calculation ensures correct circuit design, prevents overloads, and helps in selecting appropriate components.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the resistance and reactance values in ohms. At least one value must be non-zero. The calculator handles both positive and negative reactance values.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's the difference between resistance and reactance?
A: Resistance opposes all current equally, while reactance opposes changes in current (frequency-dependent).

Q2: Can reactance be negative?
A: Yes, capacitive reactance is considered negative while inductive reactance is positive.

Q3: What if I only have resistance or only reactance?
A: If reactance is zero, Z = R. If resistance is zero, Z = |X|.

Q4: How does frequency affect impedance?
A: Reactance depends on frequency (X_L=2πfL, X_C=1/(2πfC)), but this calculator uses the final reactance value.

Q5: What's the phase angle relationship?
A: The phase angle θ = arctan(X/R), but this calculator focuses on magnitude only.