1. What is a PCB Spacing Calculator by Vpeak?

Definition: This calculator determines the minimum required spacing between conductive elements on a PCB based on the peak voltage.

Purpose: It helps PCB designers ensure proper electrical isolation and prevent arcing or short circuits between traces.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( Spacing \) — Minimum required spacing (millimeters)
• \( V_{peak} \) — Peak voltage between conductors (volts)

Explanation: The formula provides a conservative estimate for creepage and clearance requirements based on voltage levels.

3. Importance of Proper PCB Spacing

Details: Correct spacing prevents electrical breakdown, improves reliability, and ensures compliance with safety standards like IPC-2221.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the peak voltage between conductors in volts. The calculator will determine the minimum recommended spacing in millimeters.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What standards does this calculator follow?
A: The formula is based on general PCB design guidelines and provides conservative spacing estimates.

Q2: When would I need to increase the spacing?
A: Increase spacing for high-altitude applications, high humidity environments, or when working with pollution degree 2 or 3.

Q3: Does this account for AC or DC voltages?
A: The calculator uses peak voltage, so for AC you should input the peak value (RMS × √2).

Q4: What about high-voltage applications?
A: For voltages above 500V, consult specific high-voltage design guidelines as the relationship may become non-linear.

Q5: How does PCB material affect spacing?
A: Materials with higher CTI (Comparative Tracking Index) values may allow slightly reduced spacing.