1. What is Wire Inductance?

Definition: This calculator computes the inductance per unit length of a straight, round wire in free space.

Purpose: It helps electrical engineers and designers understand the inductive properties of wires in circuits.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( L \) — Inductance per unit length (H/m)
• \( \mu_0 \) — Permeability of free space (4π×10⁻⁷ H/m)
• \( l \) — Length of the wire (m)
• \( r \) — Radius of the wire (m)

Explanation: The formula calculates the self-inductance of a straight wire assuming uniform current distribution.

3. Importance of Wire Inductance

Details: Understanding wire inductance is crucial for high-frequency circuits, transmission lines, and minimizing unwanted inductive effects.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the wire length and radius (in meters). The radius must be much smaller than the length for the formula to be accurate.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Why does wire inductance matter?
A: At high frequencies, even straight wires can exhibit significant inductive reactance that affects circuit behavior.

Q2: What's the permeability of free space?
A: μ₀ is a physical constant equal to 4π×10⁻⁷ H/m, representing how much magnetic field is produced by electric current in vacuum.

Q3: How accurate is this calculation?
A: It's accurate for straight wires in free space. Nearby conductors or magnetic materials will affect actual inductance.

Q4: What if my wire isn't circular?
A: For non-circular wires, use an equivalent radius based on cross-sectional area (r = √(A/π)).

Q5: Does this include internal inductance?
A: No, this is external inductance only. Internal inductance depends on current distribution within the wire.