1. What is PCB Spacing Calculation?

Definition: This calculator determines the minimum required spacing between conductors on a printed circuit board (PCB) based on the peak voltage.

Purpose: It helps PCB designers ensure proper electrical isolation and prevent arcing or short circuits between conductors.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• Spacing — Minimum required distance between conductors (millimeters)
• \( V_{\text{peak}} \) — Peak voltage between conductors (volts)

Explanation: The formula provides a conservative estimate for creepage and clearance requirements based on voltage levels.

3. Importance of Proper PCB Spacing

Details: Adequate spacing prevents electrical breakdown, improves reliability, and meets safety standards like IPC-2221.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the peak voltage expected between conductors. The result shows the minimum recommended spacing in millimeters.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Is this formula applicable for all PCB materials?
A: This is a general formula. Specific materials may require adjustments based on dielectric properties.

Q2: What about high-altitude applications?
A: For altitudes above 3000m, increase spacing by 10-20% due to reduced air density.

Q3: How does this relate to IPC standards?
A: This follows similar principles to IPC-2221 but always consult the full standard for critical applications.

Q4: Should I add a safety margin?
A: Yes, consider adding 20-30% to the calculated value for critical applications.

Q5: What about AC vs DC voltages?
A: Use peak voltage for both, which for AC would be √2 × RMS voltage.