1. What is a PCB Voltage Spacing Calculator?

Definition: This calculator determines the minimum spacing between PCB traces needed to prevent arcing at a given peak voltage.

Purpose: It helps electronics designers ensure safe distances between conductors to prevent electrical breakdown and maintain reliability.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• Spacing — Minimum distance between traces (millimeters)
• \( V_{\text{peak}} \) — Peak voltage between conductors (volts)

Explanation: The formula provides a conservative estimate for creepage distance based on typical PCB materials and environmental conditions.

3. Importance of Proper Trace Spacing

Details: Adequate spacing prevents electrical arcing, reduces crosstalk, and ensures compliance with safety standards like IPC-2221.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the peak voltage between traces in volts. The calculator will determine the minimum recommended spacing in millimeters.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Is this formula suitable for all applications?
A: This provides a general guideline. For high-reliability or high-altitude applications, additional margin may be needed.

Q2: Does this account for environmental factors?
A: The formula includes basic safety margin but doesn't account for condensation, pollution, or altitude effects.

Q3: What about AC vs DC voltages?
A: Use the peak voltage (for AC, use RMS × √2). The spacing requirement is based on peak potential difference.

Q4: How does PCB material affect spacing?
A: The formula assumes standard FR4 material. Special materials with higher dielectric strength may allow smaller spacing.

Q5: What standards reference this calculation?
A: This aligns with IPC-2221 guidelines for basic spacing requirements.